Half to william haynes smith



No. 750,916. PATENTED FEB.2,1904.

E. 0. VILLIERS.

' STEAM GENERATOR.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 14. 1903.

N0 MODEL. 4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Q Q3 Mun 35 N 1 1 nvan/ 0/ My i a d y own/( y PATENTED FEB. 2, 1904.

E. G. VILLIERS.

STEAM GENERATOR.

APPLIOATION FILED JAN. 14. 1903 4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

N0 MODEL.

jiZorn/wy.

No. 750,916. PATENTED FEB. 2, 1904. E. U. VILLIERS.

STEAM GENERATOR APPLICATION TILED JAN. 14. 1903[ no MODEL. 4SHEETS-SHEET s.

No. 750,916. YATENTED THE. 2, 1904,

B. 0. VILLIBRS.

'STEAM GENERATOR.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 14. 1903.

R0 MODEL. 4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

W6 617165565: I figivazim a W 455 UNITED STATES Patented February 2,1904.

PATENT OFFICE.

EDWARD CECIL VILLIERS, OF WINDSOR, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR OF ONE- HALF TOlVlLLIAM HAYNES SMITH, OF QUEENS ACRE, ENGLAND.

STEAM-GENERATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 750,916, dated February2, 1904.

A li ati fil d January 14, 1903. Serial No. 139,021. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWARD CECIL VILLIERs, a subject of Edward, King ofGreat Britain, residing at 2 Bolton Crescent, WVindsor, in the county ofBerks, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in orBelating to Steam Generators or Boilers; and I do hereby declare thefollowing to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention,such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains tomake and use the same.

This invention relates to steam generators or boilers; and it consistsof certain novelties in construction whereby greatefficiency is securedwith the consumption of a comparatively small quantity of fuel, which,however, is more thoroughly consumed than with other known boilers andthe heat of combustion used to a greater extent than heretofore. Notonly is the great area in my improved boiler small in proportion to theheating-surface, but the boiler itself is exceedingly compact, light,and durable, and is therefore especially suitable for steamships of allkinds, though obviously it can be used for any other purpose to which asteam generator or boiler can be applied. Its special constructionprovides for very rapid generation of steam at a high pressure, whilethe parts are so arranged that there shall be mutually equal expansionor contraction as the temperature varies, thus reducing to a minimum therisks usually incurred by too sudden firing on the one hand, or, on theother hand, by drenching of the furnaces.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1, Sheet 1, is asectional side elevation of a double-ended boiler constructed accordingto the said invention, the side casing being absent, the left of thefigure being an elevation, and the right a vertical central section.Fig. 2, Sheet 2, is partly a section on line A A of Fig. 1 and partly afront elevation. Figs. 3, 4, and 5 show sections, on an enlarged scale,of three methods of securing the tubeplates within the boiler.

My invention may be described as a highpressure, multicylindrical,multitubular boiler, it being composed of several cylinders 5 situatedin rows above the furnace or furnaces and joined together by pipes, suchcylinders containing a number of tubes through which the hot gases pass,as hereinafter explained.

' According to my invention the boiler and its appurtenances will beconstructed or arranged as follows: Three separate fireplaces a a a arearranged in a row in the form of a triple furnace delivering into acommon combustion-chamber b at the rear. Each fireplace a is surmountedby a horizontally-placed cylinder 0, the dimensions of which may bethree feet six inches in diameter by nine feet in length, the shellbeing about five-eighths of an inch thick. Such cylinders c, composingthe lowermost row, may be supported upon steel frames (Z in trunnionfashion, the bearingpins 6 being carried by plates riveted to thecylinder sides, other support being given by a hollow column f, which isalso a water-feed tube, under each cylinder 0 at the combustion' chamberend. The walls of the fireplaces are lined with fire-brick g or otherrefractory substance, protecting the supporting-frames cl of thecylinders, the bottoms of the cylinders and the feed-tubes f, however,remaining exposed to the direct heat of the furnace. The cylinders c inthe second row, four in number, may alternate in position with the threecylinders beneath, with which they are connected by a few pipes h ofrather large diameter, permitting of free circulation of water betweenthe two rows. Above these is a third row of cylinders 0 communicatingWith the second row in similar fashion and each carrying a commonsteam-pipe j, connected to a steam-dome 7c. The normal water-level inthe whole system as described will be up to about one-quarter the depthof the uppermost These last-mentioned cylinders oping the latter, asalso the connection-pipes 7L, before mentioned. From thence they passout to the uptakes and funnel, the spaces between the cylinder endsnearest the combustion-chamber 6 being sealed up in order to compel thegases to traverse the fire-tubes m first, the upper cylinders 0containing steam and water, form a part of the top of thecombustion-chamber 6.

My improved boiler may be either single or double ended. In the lattercase the com bustion-chamber b may be common to all the fireplaces, thusinsuring regularity of temperature throughout. The mingling of theproducts of combustion in this chamber produces further combustion andheat and prevents flaming at the funnels.

The cylinders c 0 c are inclosed within a casing e, containing flues foradmitting a draft into the fireplace.

In the roof of the combustion chamber there is a hinged draft-plate (a,Fig. 2, giving direct communication from the chamber to the funnel whensuch plate is raised and an opening thus made by operating a handle y.This arrangement is useful for creating a draft in the funnel when thefires are first lighted.

It will be seen from the foregoing description that the gases which passthrough the firetubes are at the maximum temperature when they enter thetubes, thus aiding in the rapid generation of steam, an importantconsideration for ships of war. In practically all other Scotch ormarine cylindrical boilers the gases come in contact with comparativelycool surfaces before entering the tubes, which, being the thinnestportions of the boiler, ought to receive the greatest heat possible. Myinvention provides also for very rapid circulation of water in theseveral shells composing the boiler by reason of the great difference intemperature between the gases and the water at opposite ends of theboiler, such difference being eight times greater at thecombustionchamber end than at the baffle-chamber end, causing the waterto ascend quickly through the large connection-pipes it near thecombustion-chamber and descend through the corresponding pipes 7L nearthe bafiie chamber. The division of the boiler into a number of smallcylinders, as in my invention, enables a very high pressure to beobtained without unduly increasing the thickness of the shell. Weight issaved in the boiler-casing, which, not being subjected to hightemperature as in other boilers, is made of thin sheet metal, so thatbrickwork and other expensive and heavy means for resisting heat are notnecessary. Space is greatly economized and facility for cleaning theinterior of the fire-tubes is afforded, which may be done immediatelythe fires are extinguished through doors in the front of thebaflie-chamber while steam is still in the boiler, or the tubes may beswept while the fires are still alight and even under forced draft bymeans consisting of circular plates 3), revoluble within the door-framesq of the baflie-chamber Z, such plates, which are situated opposite tothe cylinders 0 0 having small ports 1 in them to allow abrush to be putthrough into each tube m. A single row or set of such ports 9, arrangedradially or otherwise in the circular door-plate 12, will suffice, andeach port may have a shutter s for closing it, excepting when the brushis to be inserted, and handles 6 for turning the plates are alsoprovided. The water throughout the whole boiler is in close proximity toa heating-surface of high temperature, so that there is no waste ofspace or weight taken up by the idle water.

Provision maybe made for withdrawing the tubes m or tube-plates whollyor partly for the purpose of removing any injurious deposit therefromand cleaning the interior of the cylinders 0 0 For this purpose thetube-plates may carry interrupted screw-threads a on their peripheries,which are accordingly thicker than the remaining part of the platesinstead of being flanged. The insides of the cylinder extremities arelikewise threaded in an interrupted way, and the plates lock into thethreads when inserted and given a partial turn in a similar manner tothe closing of the breech of agun. It is necessary that the fronttube-plates be larger than the rear ones to enable the plates and tubesto be completely withdrawn en masse. The joint of the rear tube-platemay be protected against excessive heat of the furnace by a covering offire-clay bricks w. A steel ringo may be fastened into thecylinder endby screws and bears a spigot or ridge which enters a groove fitted withasbestos, thus forming a tight joint. The section shown in Fig. 3illustrates this form of joint more clearly, m being the firetube; 'm',the tube-plate; u, the interrupted thread on the tube-plate locking intoa corresponding interrupted thread 0 on the cylinder end 0; 0, the steelring fastened into the cylinder-shell by means of screws 0 and 0 andhaving a ridge 0 which enters groove 0*, containing an asbestos packing0, the joint being protected by fire-clay '10. Other convenient meansfor removing the tubes may be employed. For example, as shown in Fig. 4,the rear tubeplate m may be unflanged and bolted by scrcws'm against theinside face of a flange m on the rear end of the boiler-shell 0 whichwill thus take the end strain, a packing of asbestos or other suitablesubstance 0 being interposed to insure a steam-tight joint. As shown inFig. 5, the front tube-plate may be flanged at m and bolted by screws mof into a plain cylinder end 0 in either case, however, being furnishedwith steam-tight packing 0 the bolts or screws m m being readilyremovable. The strain upon the fastenings of the front tube-plate may berelieved by screwing a steel ring 0 into the cylinder tight against saidflange. Alternatively the front tube-plate, itself unflanged, may besecured within the boiler-shell by a steel packing-ring of I or anyother suitable section bolted to the plate and to the shell withasbestos or other packing interposed, an additional steel ring fortaking the strain being screwed into the boiler-shell, as alreadymentioned, being, if desired, bolted therein also. Either or both ofsaid rings may be divided into three parts to facilitate removal, theirextremities being scarf-jointed.

The usual water and pressure gages, valves, cocks, and other devicescommon to most boilers may be employed in any suitable manner.

The boiler can be used for evaporating and distilling purposes insteadof or in addition to its use as a high-pressure steam-generator, theremoval of the tubes greatly facilitating the removal of deposit.

What I claim is 1. A Inulticylindrical multitubular boiler composed ofcylinders surmounting one another in tiers, furnaces beneath the lowesttier,

all except the top cylinders traversed by numerous fire-tubes, a commoncombustionchamber into one wall of which all the cylinders containingfire-tubes are built so as to leave interstices between the cylinderswhich are closed at the combustion-chamber end by said wall, a commonbaffle-chamber at the other end of the cylinders and open to theinterstices between them.

2. In a boiler of the kind described, a plate mounted in each of thedoor-frames of the baffle-chamber opposite to the fire-tubes, such platehaving ports within it, in combination with shutters carried upon saidplate for closing said ports when they are not required to remain open,also means for rotating said plate so as to bring the ports successivelyin line with the tubes, the whole substantially as described.

3. In multitubular boilers, means for securing the tube-plates withinthe cylinder ends, comprising a flange adapted to overlap the jointbetween the shell of the cylinder and the tube-plate, screws forsecuring said flange to the cylinder end and to the tube-plate, andpacking between said cylinder end' and said flange.

4. In multitubular boilers, means for securing the tube-plates withinthe cylinder ends,

comprising a flange upon the tube plate, screws for securing the flangeto the tubeplate and to the cylinder-shell, packing between the flangeand the tube-plate and between the flange and the cylinder-shell and asteel ring adapted to be screwed into the cylinder end tight up againstsaid flange.

5. In multitubular boilers, means for securing the tube-plates withinthe cylinder ends, comprising a steel packing-ring fastened by screws tothe tube-plate and to the cylindershell, packing between said ring andthe tubeplate and shell and an additional steel ring screwed into theend of the cylinder-shell tight up against said packing-ring.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of twowitnesses.

EDIVARD CECIL VILLIERS.

Witnesses:

GEORGE I. BRIDGES, WALTER BROMLY.

